RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

The respiratory system’s primary function is to breathe in air, absorb oxygen into the bloodstream, and breathe out carbon dioxide.

 

THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM STEPS

 

First step

Take in breath or air through your nose.

 

 Second step

Your nose warmths,moistures,and cleans air.

 

Third step

Air enters your trachea.

 

 Fourth step

Air travels down your trachea to the lungs.

 

 Fifth step

Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged in your lungs.

 

 Sixth step

When you exhale, carbon dioxide and water leave the body through your nose or mouth.

 

MAIN PARTS OF YOUR RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

 Lungs

 Are a pair of spongy, air-filled organs located on either side of the chest (thorax).

 



Trachea

This is your main windpipe, which starts at the back of your throat. 

 

Bronchi

You have two of these, a left and right one that split off from the trachea to feed each lung. 

 

Bronchioles

These tiny tubes branch off from the bronchi, extending throughout all of your lungs.

 

Cilia

Small tiny hairs located in your nose and throat that keeps mucus and dirt out of your lungs.

 

Pharynx

Carries food and air.

 

Larynx

Opens and closes to make sounds. It works with air from your lungs to let you talk,whisper,sing,and yell.

 

Epiglottis

Keeps food a liquid from getting into the lungs.(flap that acts like a little door.)

 

Alveoli

These are the tiny air sacs that connect to each bronchiole. Blood passes through here, exchanging fresh oxygen from the air for carbon dioxide to be carried back out and exhaled.

Pleura
A thin lining that allows the lungs to deflate and pretects them.

Diaphragm

Flattens out to give lungs room, as you inhale. Thin, dome-shaped muscle to help you breath and seperates the lungs from your stomach and intestines.

 

HOW THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM WORKS

Oxygen enters the nose or mouth.


The air then passes through the sinuses which help to regulate the temperature and humidity.


As air goes through the trachea, it is filtered more and enters the bronchi.


The bronchi are lined with tiny hairs called cilia which move back and forth and carry mucus up and out. (Note: Mucus, a sticky fluid, collects dust and that have invaded the lungs. We get rid of it when we sneeze, cough, spit or swallow.)


The bronchial tubes lead to the lobes of the lungs. (The right lung has three lobes; the left lung has two.) Lobes are filled with small, spongy sacs called alveoli. This is where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs.

The diaphragm controls breathing and separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity. When a breath is taken, it flattens out and pulls forward, making more space for the lungs. During exhalation, the diaphragm expands and forces air out of the lungs.

 

The alveolar walls are extremely thin and are composed of a single layer of tissues called epithelial cells and tiny blood vessels (pulmonary capillaries).

Blood passes through the capillaries. The pulmonary artery carries blood containing carbon dioxide to the air sacs, where the gas moves from the blood to the air. Oxygenated blood goes to the heart through the pulmonary vein, and the heart pumps it throughout the body.

THE END